Nrog rau kev paub thoob ntiaj teb kev paub txog kev tiv thaiv ib puag ncig, kev siv thiab kev tsim cov hnab ntim khoom noj kuj tseem ntsiag to hloov. Cov hnab ntim khoom noj khoom haus niaj hnub tau txais kev saib xyuas ntau dua vim lawv raug mob rau ib puag ncig. Lub teb chaws tau siv kev ntsuas los txwv lawv txoj kev siv thiab txhawb kev tshawb fawb thiab kev tsim kho thiab siv cov khoom siv degradable. Kab lus no yuav tshawb txog qhov xwm txheej tam sim no ntawm cov hnab ntim khoom noj, cov kev cov nyom uas lawv ntsib, thiab cov kev taw qhia kev txhim kho yav tom ntej.
1. Qhov xwm txheej tam sim no ntawm lub hnab ntim khoom noj
Raws li cov khoom ntim khoom tseem ceeb hauv lub neej niaj hnub, cov hnab ntim khoom noj tau siv dav hauv cov khw muag khoom noj, khoom noj khoom haus, khoom noj khoom haus thiab lwm yam. Raws li kev txheeb cais, tus naj npawb ntawm cov hnab yas tsim thoob ntiaj teb txhua xyoo yog ntau li ntau lab lab, thiab feem ntau ntawm lawv yog siv rau ntim khoom noj. Txawm li cas los xij, kev siv cov hnab yas tau coj teeb meem loj rau ib puag ncig. Nws yuav siv sij hawm ntau pua xyoo rau cov yas kom decompose nyob rau hauv ib puag ncig ntuj, thiab cov khoom tsis zoo yuav raug tso tawm thaum lub sij hawm decomposition, polluting av thiab dej.
Nyob rau hauv xyoo tas los no, ntau lub teb chaws thiab cheeb tsam tau pib paub txog qhov teeb meem no thiab tau tshaj tawm txoj cai txwv kev siv cov hnab yas. Piv txwv li, European Union tau tshaj tawm Txoj Cai Lij Choj Plastics hauv xyoo 2015, xav kom cov tswvcuab hauv lub xeev txo qis kev siv cov hnab yas pov tseg rau 90 rau ib tus neeg hauv ib xyoos los ntawm 2021. Tsis tas li ntawd, Tuam Tshoj kuj tau siv "txheej txheem yas" hauv ntau lub nroog los txhawb kev lag luam kom siv cov khoom siv degradable.
2. Ib puag ncig kev phom sij ntawm cov hnab yas
Cov kev phom sij ib puag ncig ntawm cov hnab yas yog feem ntau cuam tshuam hauv cov hauv qab no:
Marine pollution: Cov hnab yas ntau ntau tau muab pov tseg ntawm qhov xav tau thiab thaum kawg ntws mus rau hauv dej hiav txwv, dhau los ua ib feem ntawm cov khib nyiab hauv hiav txwv. Cov kab mob hauv hiav txwv ua yuam kev noj cov hnab yas, ua rau lawv txoj kev tuag lossis kev loj hlob tsis zoo, cuam tshuam rau kev sib npaug ntawm ecological.
Av muaj kuab paug: Thaum cov hnab yas decompose hauv cov av, lawv tso cov tshuaj phem, cuam tshuam rau qhov zoo ntawm cov av thiab kev loj hlob ntawm cov nroj tsuag.
Cov khoom pov tseg: Kev tsim cov hnab yas siv ntau cov khoom siv roj av, uas tuaj yeem siv rau lwm lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb.
3. Qhov nce ntawm lub hnab ntim khoom noj degradable
Tau ntsib cov teeb meem ib puag ncig los ntawm cov hnab yas, ntau lub tuam txhab thiab cov chaw tshawb fawb tshawb fawb tau pib tsim cov hnab ntim khoom noj uas degradable. Cov hnab no feem ntau yog ua los ntawm cov khoom siv txuas ntxiv xws li cov hmoov txhuv nplej siab thiab polylactic acid (PLA), uas tuaj yeem raug degraded nyob rau hauv tej yam kev mob, txo lub nra ntawm ib puag ncig.
Plant starch hnab: Hom hnab no yog tsim los ntawm cov khoom siv raw xws li pob kws hmoov nplej, thiab muaj biocompatibility zoo thiab degradability. Cov kev tshawb fawb tau pom tias cov hnab ntim cov hmoov txhuv nplej siab tuaj yeem degraded tag nrho hauv ob peb lub hlis raws li cov kev mob tsim nyog.
Polylactic acid hnab: Polylactic acid yog bioplastic ua los ntawm cov khoom siv txuas ntxiv (xws li pob kws hmoov txhuv nplej siab) nrog cov khoom siv zoo thiab pob tshab, haum rau ntim khoom noj. Polylactic acid hnab tuaj yeem degraded nyob rau hauv 6 lub hlis nyob rau hauv industrial composting tej yam kev mob.
Lwm cov ntaub ntawv tshiab: Ntxiv nrog rau cov hmoov txhuv nplej siab thiab polylactic acid, cov kws tshawb fawb tseem tab tom tshawb nrhiav lwm cov ntaub ntawv degradable, xws li seaweed extracts, mycelium, thiab lwm yam. Cov ntaub ntawv tshiab no tsis yog tsuas yog ib puag ncig zoo xwb, tab sis kuj muab kev ntim khoom zoo dua.
4. Cov kev sib tw ntawm cov hnab ntim khoom noj degradable
Txawm hais tias cov hnab ntim khoom noj degradable muaj cov txiaj ntsig zoo hauv kev tiv thaiv ib puag ncig, lawv tseem ntsib qee qhov kev sib tw hauv cov txheej txheem kev txhawb nqa thiab kev thov:
Tus nqi teeb meem: Tam sim no, tus nqi ntawm cov khoom degradable feem ntau yog siab dua li cov khoom siv yas, uas ua rau ntau tus tub lag luam tseem nyiam siv cov hnab yas pheej yig thaum xaiv cov khoom ntim.
Kev paub txog cov neeg siv khoom: Ntau tus neeg tau txais kev pab tsis txaus paub txog cov hnab ntim khoom noj uas degradable thiab tseem tau siv cov hnab yas ib txwm siv. Yuav ua li cas txhawm rau txhim kho pej xeem kev paub txog ib puag ncig thiab txhawb kom lawv xaiv cov khoom lag luam degradable yog tus yuam sij rau kev txhawb nqa.
Recycling system: Kev rov ua dua thiab kho cov hnab ntim khoom noj uas tsis zoo yuav tsum tau tsim lub suab kaw lus. Tam sim no, ntau qhov chaw tseem tsis tau tsim ib qho kev siv rov ua dua tshiab, uas yuav ua rau cov hnab degradable sib xyaw nrog cov hnab yas zoo tib yam thaum lub sijhawm kho, cuam tshuam rau cov nyhuv degradation.
5. Kev Txhim Kho Yav Tom Ntej
Txhawm rau txhawb kom muaj npe nrov thiab siv cov hnab ntim khoom noj tsis zoo, tsoomfwv, cov tuam txhab thiab cov chaw tshawb fawb tshawb fawb yuav tsum ua haujlwm ua ke los ntsuas cov hauv qab no:
Kev txhawb nqa txoj cai: Tsoomfwv yuav tsum qhia txog cov cai tswjfwm los txhawb cov tuam txhab tsim thiab siv cov khoom siv degradable, thiab muab cov nyiaj pab lossis kev txhawb nqa se rau cov lag luam uas siv cov hnab degradable.
Kev kawm rau pej xeem: Los ntawm kev tshaj tawm thiab kev kawm, txhim kho pej xeem txoj kev paub txog cov hnab ntim khoom noj uas degradable thiab txhawb kom cov neeg siv khoom xaiv cov khoom zoo ib puag ncig.
Kev tshawb fawb thiab kev tsim kho tshuab: Ua kom muaj peev txheej hauv kev tshawb fawb thiab kev tsim cov khoom siv degradable, txo cov nqi tsim khoom, thiab txhim kho cov khoom ua tau zoo kom tau raws li kev xav tau ntawm kev lag luam.
Txhim kho cov txheej txheem rov ua dua tshiab: Tsim thiab txhim kho cov khoom siv rov ua dua tshiab thiab kho cov khoom siv degradable kom ntseeg tau tias lawv cov degradation zoo tom qab siv thiab txo qhov cuam tshuam rau ib puag ncig.
Kev xaus: Txoj kev mus rau kev tiv thaiv ib puag ncig ntawm lub hnab ntim khoom noj yog qhov ntev thiab nyuaj, tab sis nrog kev nce qib ntawm kev tshawb fawb thiab thev naus laus zis thiab kev txhim kho kev paub txog pej xeem, peb muaj laj thawj ntseeg tias cov ntim khoom noj yav tom ntej yuav ntsuab dua thiab muaj kev nyab xeeb dua ib puag ncig. Los ntawm kev sib koom tes, peb tuaj yeem tsim qhov chaw nyob zoo dua rau cov tiam tom ntej.
Post lub sij hawm: Dec-07-2024
