Nrog rau kev paub txog kev tiv thaiv ib puag ncig thoob ntiaj teb, kev siv thiab kev tsim cov hnab ntim khoom noj kuj hloov pauv maj mam. Cov hnab yas ntim khoom noj ib txwm muaj tau txais kev saib xyuas ntau dua vim lawv ua rau ib puag ncig puas tsuaj. Cov teb chaws tau siv cov kev ntsuas los txwv lawv txoj kev siv thiab txhawb kev tshawb fawb thiab kev txhim kho thiab kev siv cov khoom siv lwj. Tsab xov xwm no yuav tshawb nrhiav qhov xwm txheej tam sim no ntawm cov hnab ntim khoom noj, cov teeb meem uas lawv ntsib, thiab kev coj ua yav tom ntej.
1. Qhov xwm txheej tam sim no ntawm cov hnab ntim khoom noj
Ua ib yam khoom ntim khoom tseem ceeb hauv lub neej txhua hnub, cov hnab ntim khoom noj tau siv dav hauv cov khw muag khoom loj, kev noj mov, kev noj mov rov qab thiab lwm yam. Raws li cov ntaub ntawv txheeb cais, tus naj npawb ntawm cov hnab yas tsim tawm thoob ntiaj teb txhua xyoo yog siab txog trillions, thiab ib feem loj ntawm lawv yog siv rau kev ntim khoom noj. Txawm li cas los xij, kev siv cov hnab yas tau coj teeb meem loj heev rau ib puag ncig. Nws siv sijhawm ntau pua xyoo rau cov yas kom lwj hauv ib puag ncig ntuj, thiab cov tshuaj lom neeg yuav raug tso tawm thaum lub sijhawm lwj, ua rau av thiab dej qias neeg.
Nyob rau xyoo tas los no, ntau lub teb chaws thiab thaj chaw tau pib paub txog qhov teeb meem no thiab tau tsim cov cai los txwv tsis pub siv cov hnab yas. Piv txwv li, European Union tau tshaj tawm Txoj Cai Tswjfwm Hnab Yas hauv xyoo 2015, uas yuav tsum tau kom cov tswv cuab txo kev siv cov hnab yas pov tseg mus rau 90 rau ib tus neeg hauv ib xyoos los ntawm xyoo 2021. Tsis tas li ntawd, Tuam Tshoj kuj tau siv "kev txwv yas" hauv ntau lub nroog los txhawb kom cov lag luam siv cov khoom siv uas lwj tau.
2. Tej yam txaus ntshai ntawm cov hnab yas rau ib puag ncig
Cov teeb meem ib puag ncig ntawm cov hnab yas feem ntau pom tseeb hauv cov hauv qab no:
Kev ua qias tuaj ntawm dej hiav txwv: Muaj ntau lub hnab yas raug pov tseg thaum twg xav tau thiab thaum kawg ntws mus rau hauv dej hiav txwv, ua ib feem ntawm cov khib nyiab hauv dej hiav txwv. Cov tsiaj txhu hauv dej hiav txwv noj cov hnab yas tsis raug, ua rau lawv tuag lossis loj hlob tsis zoo, ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam loj heev rau kev sib npaug ntawm lub ntiaj teb.
Kev ua qias tuaj rau hauv av: Thaum cov hnab yas lwj hauv av, lawv tso tawm cov tshuaj lom neeg, cuam tshuam rau qhov zoo ntawm cov av thiab kev loj hlob ntawm cov nroj tsuag.
Kev Pov Tseg Cov Khoom Siv: Kev tsim cov hnab yas siv ntau cov roj av, uas tuaj yeem siv rau lwm yam hom phiaj muaj nqis dua.
3. Kev nce ntawm cov hnab ntim khoom noj uas lwj tau
Vim muaj teeb meem ib puag ncig uas los ntawm cov hnab yas, ntau lub tuam txhab thiab cov koom haum tshawb fawb tau pib tsim cov hnab yas uas lwj tau. Cov hnab no feem ntau yog ua los ntawm cov khoom siv rov ua dua tshiab xws li cov hmoov txhuv nplej siab thiab polylactic acid (PLA), uas tuaj yeem lwj tau raws li qee yam mob, txo qhov hnyav ntawm ib puag ncig.
Cov hnab hmoov nplej cog: Hom hnab no feem ntau yog ua los ntawm cov khoom siv cog xws li hmoov nplej pob kws, thiab muaj kev sib raug zoo thiab kev puas tsuaj zoo. Cov kev tshawb fawb tau qhia tias cov hnab hmoov nplej cog tuaj yeem puas tsuaj tag nrho hauv ob peb lub hlis nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej tsim nyog.
Cov hnab Polylactic acid: Polylactic acid yog cov yas bioplastic ua los ntawm cov khoom siv rov ua dua tshiab (xws li hmoov txhuv nplej siab) nrog cov khoom siv kho tshuab zoo thiab pob tshab, tsim nyog rau kev ntim khoom noj. Cov hnab Polylactic acid tuaj yeem lwj hauv 6 lub hlis nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej composting kev lag luam.
Lwm cov ntaub ntawv tshiab: Ntxiv rau cov hmoov txhuv nplej siab thiab polylactic acid, cov kws tshawb fawb kuj tseem tshawb nrhiav lwm cov ntaub ntawv uas lwj tau, xws li cov seaweed extracts, mycelium, thiab lwm yam. Cov ntaub ntawv tshiab no tsis yog tsuas yog zoo rau ib puag ncig xwb, tab sis kuj muab kev ua tau zoo dua ntawm kev ntim khoom.
4. Cov teeb meem ntawm cov hnab ntim khoom noj uas lwj tau
Txawm hais tias cov hnab ntim khoom noj uas lwj tau muaj qhov zoo hauv kev tiv thaiv ib puag ncig, lawv tseem ntsib qee qhov teeb meem hauv kev txhawb nqa thiab daim ntawv thov:
Cov teeb meem nqi: Tam sim no, tus nqi tsim khoom ntawm cov khoom siv degradable feem ntau siab dua li cov khoom siv yas ib txwm muaj, uas ua rau ntau tus tub lag luam tseem nyiam siv cov hnab yas pheej yig thaum xaiv cov ntaub ntawv ntim khoom.
Kev Paub Txog Cov Neeg Siv Khoom: Muaj ntau tus neeg siv khoom tsis muaj kev paub txaus txog cov hnab yas uas lwj tau thiab tseem siv cov hnab yas ib txwm muaj. Yuav ua li cas los txhim kho kev paub txog ib puag ncig rau pej xeem thiab txhawb kom lawv xaiv cov khoom uas lwj tau yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev txhawb nqa.
Kev siv dua tshiab: Kev siv dua tshiab thiab kev kho cov hnab yas uas lwj yuav tsum tau tsim kom muaj lub kaw lus suab. Tam sim no, ntau qhov chaw tseem tsis tau tsim lub tshuab siv dua tshiab zoo, uas yuav ua rau cov hnab yas uas lwj sib xyaw nrog cov hnab yas ib txwm thaum lub sijhawm kho, cuam tshuam rau qhov cuam tshuam ntawm kev lwj.
5. Kev Taw Qhia Txog Kev Loj Hlob Yav Tom Ntej
Yuav kom txhawb kev nrov npe thiab kev siv cov hnab yas uas lwj tau, tsoomfwv, cov tuam txhab lag luam thiab cov koom haum tshawb fawb yuav tsum ua haujlwm ua ke los ua cov hauv qab no:
Kev txhawb nqa txoj cai: Tsoomfwv yuav tsum qhia cov cai tsim nyog los txhawb kom cov lag luam tsim thiab siv cov khoom siv uas lwj tau, thiab muab kev pab nyiaj lossis kev txhawb nqa se rau cov lag luam uas siv cov hnab lwj tau.
Kev kawm rau pej xeem: Los ntawm kev tshaj tawm thiab kev kawm, txhim kho kev paub ntawm pej xeem txog cov hnab khoom noj uas lwj tau thiab txhawb kom cov neeg siv khoom xaiv cov khoom zoo rau ib puag ncig.
Kev tshawb fawb thiab kev txhim kho thev naus laus zis: Ua kom muaj kev nqis peev ntau ntxiv rau kev tshawb fawb thiab kev txhim kho cov khoom siv uas lwj tau, txo cov nqi tsim khoom, thiab txhim kho kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov khoom siv kom tau raws li qhov xav tau ntawm kev ua lag luam.
Txhim kho qhov kev siv rov qab: Tsim thiab txhim kho qhov kev siv rov qab thiab kev kho cov khoom uas lwj tau kom ntseeg tau tias lawv lwj tau zoo tom qab siv thiab txo qhov cuam tshuam rau ib puag ncig.
Xaus Lus: Txoj kev mus rau kev tiv thaiv ib puag ncig ntawm cov hnab ntim khoom noj yog ntev thiab nyuaj, tab sis nrog kev nce qib ntawm kev tshawb fawb thiab thev naus laus zis thiab kev txhim kho ntawm kev paub txog pej xeem, peb muaj laj thawj ntseeg tias cov khoom noj khoom haus yav tom ntej yuav ntsuab dua thiab zoo rau ib puag ncig. Los ntawm kev sib koom tes, peb tuaj yeem tsim kom muaj ib puag ncig zoo dua rau cov tiam neeg tom ntej.
Lub sijhawm tshaj tawm: Lub Kaum Ob Hlis-07-2024
